Feb 23, 2024 NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement and Discussion 2
NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement and Discussion 2
NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement and Discussion 2
There are many different methods for analyzing quantitative data; each method is dependent on the type of data gathered as well as the research question being addressed. The first step in analyzing data is to determine what kind of data you have—the level of measurement. Determining the level of measurement is a method of classifying the variables within a research study. Classifying a variable into its appropriate level of measurement helps a researcher determine the most appropriate statistical analysis for those data and to interpret the data the variable generates.
In this Discussion, you identify independent and dependent variables in your research problem, which you identified in the Week 2 Discussion. You classify these variables into their appropriate levels of measurement and determine suitable ways of analyzing the data generated by each variable.
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To prepare FOR NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement:
Review the materials presented in Chapter 1 of the Polit textbook.
Consider Dr. Pothoff’s comments in this week’s media presentation on data analysis.
Recall your research problem statement developed for the Week 2 Discussion. Based on your problem statement, develop a research question to address the problem.
Ask yourself:
Do the research question involve a comparison of groups or the relationship of variables?
How many independent variables do I have? Dependent variables? What are they?
Is the independent variable categorical or continuous?
Is the dependent variable categorical or continuous?
What might be the advantages, or disadvantages, of each variable’s level of measurement?
By Day 3 OF NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
Post a cohesive summary of the following:
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Post your research question. Describe the independent and dependent variables.
Identify the level of measurement of both the independent and dependent variables. Provide a brief rationale for your classification of each variable.
Discuss considerations of analyzing data related to each variable based on its level of measurement. Identify any advantages or challenges you might encounter in your statistical analysis of each variable.
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.
By Day 6 OF NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
Respond to at least two of your colleagues’ postings, noting any discrepancies or alternatives in the levels of measurement and statistical analyses.
Return to this Discussion in a few days to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you learned and/or any insights you gained as a result of the comments made by your colleagues.
Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and any additional sources.
Post your responses to the NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement based on the course requirements.
Your NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement postings should be written in standard edited English and follow APA guidelines as closely as possible given the constraints of the online platform. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources andadditional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure your in-text citations and reference list are correct. Initial postings must be 250–350 words (not including references).NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
NURS 8200 Week 2 Discussion 2: Peer Support: Using SPSS
Using this Discussion, post questions you have about using SPSS and collaborate with your colleagues to complete Assignment 2, assigned and due this week. The questions you post will not only give you the opportunity to address any problems you encounter and assist your colleagues, but will also give your Instructor an idea of the challenges and successes you and your classmates are experiencing. This will allow your Instructor to identify overall areas in which there is a lack of comprehension and areas of mastery and complete understanding, which will be useful in better explaining SPSS in future online courses.
Note: You do not earn any points for participating in this Discussion. It is not required that you participate; however, it is an opportunity for you to connect with your colleagues to discuss the statistical exercises.
Post your responses to the Discussion based on the course requirements.
Your Discussion postings should be written in standard edited English and follow APA guidelines as closely as possible given the constraints of the online platform. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Studentsto ensure your in-text citations and reference list are correct. Initial postings must be 250–350 words (not including references).
NURS 8200 Week 4: Quantitative Methods: Analyzing Quantitative Data
“Cellphone Cancer Warning: Possible Link to Brain Tumors Cited in Expert Panel’s Review of Past Studies”: This headline appeared on June 1, 2011, in the Wall Street Journal. News agencies began reporting that cell phones can cause certain types of brain cancer before the research study was published. When reviewing the actual study, Stats.org—an organization based out of George Mason University—found that the authors of the research study actually cautioned against a causal interpretation of the study results.
In order to make accurate, straightforward interpretations and reports, researchers should perform careful statistical analyses of the data and variables in their studies. Otherwise, they run the risk of making inappropriate assumptions and generating incorrect conclusions. This week, you begin to develop a foundational knowledge of statistics and the vital role that it plays in research and problem solving. Over the next several weeks, you will complete statistics exercises using SPSS. The knowledge of statistics that is promoted through your work on these exercises will enable you to better contextualize and interpret health care data and its application to evidence-based practice.
This week provides an introduction to descriptive statistics, which can be useful in analyzing data and drawing conclusions about the sample from which that data was taken. You also examine confidence intervals, frequency distributions, and the levels of measurement.
References:
Martin, T., & Hobson, K. (2011, June 1). Cellphone cancer warning: Possible link to brain tumors cited in expert panel’s review of past studies. The Wall Street Journal: Health. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303657404576357571174992448.html
Butterworth, T. (2011, June 3). Cell phones—as (non) cancerous as coffee, firefighting? Statistical Assessment Service. Retrieved from http://stats.org/stories/2011/cellphone_cancer_jun3_11.html
Learning Objectives OF NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
Students will:
Identify independent and dependent variables
Calculate descriptive statistics and interpret the results
Construct a table to summarize descriptive statistics using APA format
Photo Credit: [Ralf Wendrich]/[Moment]/Getty Images
Learning Resources
Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.
Required Media
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Research methods for evidence-based practice: Quantitative research: Data analysis. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 10 minutes.
In this week’s video, the presenter describes challenges to collecting and utilizing quantitative data and offers suggestions for assessing and improving data quality. The strategic use of quantitative data by health care organizations is also considered.
Accessible player
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“Introduction to SPSS”
Used by permission from SPSSVideoTutor.com A division of ConsumerRaters LLC., 1121 S Military Trail, 314, Deerfield Beach, FL 33442, USA
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 11 minutes.
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“Descriptive Statistics”
Used by permission from SPSSVideoTutor.com A division of ConsumerRaters LLC., 1121 S Military Trail, 314, Deerfield Beach, FL 33442, USA
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 12 minutes.
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Required Readings
Gray, J.R., Grove, S.K., & Sutherland, S. (2017). Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.
Chapter 21, “Introduction to Statistical Analysis”This chapter discusses the concepts of statistical analysis with regard to hypothesis testing. The chapter also identifies and defines common statistical terminology.
Polit, D. (2010). Statistics and data analysis for nursing research (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.
Chapter 1, “Introduction to Data Analysis in an Evidence-Based Practice Environment”This chapter provides an introduction to quantitative and qualitative data in evidence-based practice. The chapter introduces levels of measurement and types of statistical analyses relevant to different types of research studies.
Chapter 2, “Frequency Distributions: Tabulating and Displaying Data”Chapter 2 discusses frequency distributions as well as the different methods of presenting data, especially when data are very extensive. The chapter includes information on the use of bar charts, pie charts, histograms, and frequency polygons.
Software
IBM SPSS Statistics Standard GradPack (current version). Available in Windows and Macintosh versions. Please refer to the IBM SPSS Software area in the Course Overview section on the left navigation bar for more information on how to install, register, and license this software.
Optional Resources
Bilheimer, L. T., & Klein, R. J. (2010). Data and measurement issues in the analysis of health disparities. Health Services Research, 45(5), 1489–1507. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2010.01143.x
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Granberg-Rademacker, J. S. (2010). An algorithm for converting ordinal scale measurement data to interval/ratio scale. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 70(1), 74–90.
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Statistics Help for Students. (2008). Retrieved from http://statistics-help-for-students.com/
This site provides step-by-step procedures and screenshots for working with SPSS.
Walden University. (n.d.). Descriptive statistics. Retrieved August 1, 2011, from http://streaming.waldenu.edu/hdp/researchtutorials/educ8106_player/educ8106_descriptive_stats.html
NURS 8200 Assignment 1: [Major Assessment 4]
By Day 7 of Week 9
Continue to work on your article critique which was assigned in Week 2 and is due in Week 9. Analyze the appropriateness of the statistical methods used in your selected research article. Remember that the content of your article critique should be specific and detailed and should reflect an understanding of the content presented throughout this course.
You are not required to submit this assignment this week.
NURS 8200 Assignment 2: Descriptive Statistics
This week, you explore key statistical concepts related to data and problem solving through the completion of the following exercises using SPSS and the information found in your Statistics and Data Analysis for Nursing Research textbook. The focus of this assignment is to become familiar with the SPSS data analysis software and to develop an understanding of how to calculate descriptive statistics and make conclusions based on those calculations. As you formulate your responses, keep in mind that descriptive statistics only allow you to make conclusions and recommendations for the sample at hand—not for the larger population to which that sample may belong.
To prepare:
Review the Statistics and Data Analysis for Nursing Research chapters assigned in this week’s Learning Resources. Pay close attention to the examples presented, as they provide information that will be useful when you complete the software exercise this week. You may also wish to review the Research Methods for Evidence-Based Practice video resources to familiarize yourself with the software.
Refer to the Week 4 Descriptive Statistics Assignment page and follow the directions to calculate descriptive statistics for the data provided using SPSS software. If you run into any difficulties or problems, post them to the Week 4 Discussion 2 area.
Download and save the Polit2SetA.sav data set. You will open the data file in SPSS.
Compare your data output against the tables presented in the Week 4 Descriptive Statistics SPSS Output document. This will enable you to become comfortable with defining variables, entering data, and creating tables and graphs.
Formulate an initial interpretation of the meaning or implication of your calculations.
To complete:
Complete the Part I, Part II, and Part III steps and Assignment as outlined in the Week 4 Descriptive Statistics Assignment page.
By Day 7
Submit this Assignment.
Submission and Grading Information
To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:
Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK4Assgn2+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK4Assgn2+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.
NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement Rubric Detail
Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout. NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
Name: NURS_8200_ Week4_Discussion1_Rubric
Grid View
List View
Exemplary
Proficient
Sufficient
Developing
Discussion Postings and Responses
4 (100%) – 4 (100%)
• Discussion postings and responses are responsive to the requirements of the Discussion instructions and are posted by the due date. • Discussion postings and responses significantly contribute to the quality of interaction by providing rich and relevant examples, applicable research support, discerning ideas, and/or stimulating thoughts/probes and are respectful when offering suggestions, constructive feedback, or opposing viewpoints. • Discussion postings and responses demonstrate an in-depth understanding of concepts and issues presented in the course (e.g., insightful interpretations or analyses, accurate and perceptive parallels, and well-supported opinions) and are well supported, when appropriate, by pertinent research. • Discussion postings and responses provide evidence that the student has read and considered a sampling of colleagues’ postings and synthesized key comments and ideas, as applicable.
3 (75%) – 3 (75%)
• Discussion postings and responses are responsive to the requirements of the Discussion instructions and are posted by the due date. • Discussion postings and responses contribute to the quality of interaction by providing examples, research support when appropriate, ideas, and/or thoughts/probes, and are respectful when offering suggestions, constructive feedback, or opposing viewpoints. • Discussion postings and responses demonstrate some depth of understanding of the issues and show that the student has absorbed the general principles and ideas presented in the course, although viewpoints and interpretations are not always thoroughly supported. • Discussion postings and responses provide evidence that the student has considered at least some colleagues’ postings and synthesized some key comments and ideas, as applicable.
2 (50%) – 2 (50%)
• Discussion postings and responses are posted by the due date but are not always responsive to the requirements of the Discussion instructions. • Discussion postings and responses do little to contribute to the quality of interaction or to stimulate thinking and learning. • Discussion postings and responses demonstrate a minimal understanding of concepts presented, tend to address peripheral issues, and, although generally accurate, display some omissions and/or errors. • Discussion postings and responses do not provide evidence that the student has considered at least some colleagues’ postings or synthesized at least some key comments and ideas, as applicable.
0 (0%) – 1 (25%)
• Discussion postings and responses are posted past the late deadline, defined as 11:59 p.m. on the due date, and/or do not address the requirements of the Discussion instructions. • Discussion postings and responses do not contribute to the quality of interaction or stimulate thinking and learning. • Discussion postings and responses do not demonstrate an understanding of the concepts presented in the course, and/or do not address relevant issues, and/or are inaccurate and contain many omissions and/or errors. • Discussion postings and responses do not provide evidence that the student has read or considered colleagues’ postings, as applicable.
Total Points: 4
Name: NURS_8200_ Week4_Discussion1_Rubric. NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
NURS 8200 Week 4 Discussion 1: Levels of Measurement
Levels of Measurement
PICOT Question. In patients undergoing orthopedic and abdominal operations does the application of lidocaine at the rate of 1.5-3 mg/kg/hr seems to correlate to reduced use of opioids for pain in the post-operative period past a period of one year (Dunn & Durieux, 2017).
An epidemic battle is currently being waged, and it is a battle to find the most clear-cut standard to deliver lidocaine for intra and post-operative pain control. Opioids are effective as pain management as they deliver relief after major orthopedic and abdominal procedures. The downside to relying on these drugs for pain relievement is the likelihood of abuse. In the past two decades, the number of opioid prescriptions that have resulted in an overdose, abuse, and dependency even after the time of prescription has passed has constantly been rising. This results in multiple side effects associated with pulmonary diseases, apnea and even falls. Individuals treated with opioids to relieve pain and have had the previous history of abuse are at higher risks of becoming dependent on the drug and developing physiological problems (Oviedo-Joekes et al., 2015). The rates of postoperative use of opioids after abdominal and orthopedic procedures are also an increasing concern. Given the apparent benefits that are now attributed to the use of lidocaine in spinal surgery like the reduct
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