Feb 23, 2024 NR 503 Week 1: Healthy People 2020 Impact Paper Assignment
NR 503 Week 1: Healthy People 2020 Impact Paper Assignment
NR 503 Week 1: Healthy People 2020 Impact Paper Assignment
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a disease that destroys the CD4 cells (T cells) that fight off disease and infection. No cure has been developed for HIV. The disease can be managed with the proper care and medication. In the U.S., people typically get HIV through having unprotected anal or vaginal sex with a partner(s) or through using infected needles or syringes. Untreated, HIV develops into acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Overview of concern
HIV is transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, rectal and vaginal fluids, and breast milk (CDC: Fact Sheet…, 2017). The prevalence is an estimated 1.2 million people have been diagnosed with HIV, but even worse is, one out of eight people (15 percent of U.S. population) have HIV and do not even know it (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018). 2016 data compiled by the CDC reports the incidence rate within that year was 39,782 new diagnosed HIV cases (CDC: Fact Sheet…, 2017). Specifically, 32,131 of the cases affected males 13 years and older, 7,529 adult and adolescent females, and 122 children under age 13 years (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018)
Epidemiological analysis
The morbidity rate within the U.S. population is an estimated 38,513 new HIV infections per year (CDC: National Center for Health Statistics, 2017). The mortality rate from 1987 through 2015 totals 507,351; in 2015, a reported 6,465 people died (CDC: HIV in the United States…, 2018). Distribution of new infections differs by race, gender, and sexual orientation: Caucasians 41percent, African Americans 40 percent, and Hispanics 19 percent; the female distribution is African Americans 61 percent, Caucasians 23 percent, and Hispanics 16 percent (CDC: HIV in the United States…, 2018). Gay/bisexual men account for 67 percent of all newly acquired HIV cases and 83 percent among males. African-Americans account for 44 percent and Hispanics account for 25 percent of all HIV diagnoses (CDC: HIV in the United States…, 2018). The U.S. government spends $26 billion annually to fight HIV (HIV.gov, 2018).
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HealthyPeople 2020 goals
The National HIV/AIDS strategy has three primary goals: to reduce the number of new HIV infections, improve access to care and health outcomes for HIV patients, and minimize HIV-related health inequities (HealthyPeople.gov, 2018). Guidelines for screening and diagnosis of HIV include routine screening for pregnant women and the recommendation for anyone between ages 13 and 64 to get tested at least once a year (HealthyPeople.gov, 2018). There are three types of HIV tests: nucleic acid tests (NAT), antigen/antibody, and antibody (HealthyPeople.gov, 2018). If a test reads positive, the individual will be referred to a health care provider for follow-up testing (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018).
Activities and implementation strategies
The federal government has established 28 agencies that focus on reducing HIV acquisition and transmission, as well as treating and monitoring HIV patients (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018). Agencies pass out free condoms and needles, show patients how to properly take HIV medications, and suggest that non-HIV persons engage in low-risk sex (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018). One federal program that has seen a 90 percent success rate is the Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Framework (CDC: Effectiveness of prevention strategies…, 2017). PrEP involves taking a pill daily to reduce the risk of transmission and improve health (CDC: effectiveness of prevention strategies…, 2017). This program also focuses on reducing homelessness among HIV patients and providing free testing and resources to care (CDC: effectiveness of prevention strategies…, 2017).
References
CDC: National Center for Health Statistics. (2017, May 3). AIDS and HIV. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/aids-hiv.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2017, March 7). Effectiveness of prevention strategies to reduce the risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/estimates/preventionstrategies.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2018, June 26). HIV in the United States: At a Glance. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/statistics/overview/ataglance.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017, February). CDC fact sheet HIV incidence: Estimated annual infections in the U.S., 2008-2014, overall and by transmission route. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/factsheets/hiv-incidence-fact-sheet_508.pdf
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV Incidence and Case Surveillance Branch, Data Management Team of the Quantitative Sciences and Data Management Branch, Linley, L., … Morgan, M. (2018). Estimated HIV incidence and prevalence in the United States 2010–2015. HIV Surveillance Report, 23(1), 1-77. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/library/reports/surveillance/cdc-hiv-surveillance-supplemental-report-vol-23-1.pdf
HealthyPeople.gov. (2018, July 13). HIV. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/hiv
HIV.gov. (2018, January 15). Federal funding for HIV?AIDS. Retrieved from https://www.hiv.gov/federal-response/funding/budget
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The Healthy People 2020 Impact Paper must be submitted by Sunday, 11:59 p.m. MT at the end of Week 1. The guidelines and grading rubric for this assignment are located in the Course resources section.
HIV and Healthy People 2020 Goals
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a disease that destroys the CD4 cells (T cells) that fight off disease and infection. No cure has been developed for HIV. The disease can be managed with the proper care and medication. In the U.S., people typically get HIV through having unprotected anal or vaginal sex with a partner(s) or through using infected needles or syringes. Untreated, HIV develops into acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Overview of concern
HIV is transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, rectal and vaginal fluids, and breast milk (CDC: Fact Sheet…, 2017). The prevalence is an estimated 1.2 million people have been diagnosed with HIV, but even worse is, one out of eight people (15 percent of U.S. population) have HIV and do not even know it (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018). 2016 data compiled by the CDC reports the incidence rate within that year was 39,782 new diagnosed HIV cases (CDC: Fact Sheet…, 2017). Specifically, 32,131 of the cases affected males 13 years and older, 7,529 adult and adolescent females, and 122 children under age 13 years (Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention et al., 2018)
This assignment will follow the late assignment policy specified in the course syllabus.
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Assignment Rubric
NR503 Week 1 Healthy People 2020
NR503 Week 1 Healthy People 2020
Criteria
Ratings
Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeIntroduction of the problem/concern
10.0 pts
Exceptional- Comprehensively identifies the problem/concern.
9.0 pts
Exceeds- Adequately identifies the problem/concern.
8.0 pts
Meets- Identification of problem/concern is limited.
4.0 pts
Needs Improvement- Identification of problem/concern is unclear.
0.0 pts
Developing- Identification of problem/concern is absent.
10.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDiscussion of the problem
20.0 pts
Exceptional- Background is complete, presents risks, disease impact and includes a review of incidence and prevalence of the disease within the student’s local area, state, and nationally. Evidence supports background.
18.0 pts
Exceeds- Background is complete, presents risk, disease impact and at least one set of incidence and prevalence statistics are presented and supported by evidence.
16.0 pts
Meets- Background missing one or more key points and at least one set of incidence and prevalence statistics are presented. Lack of evidence or limited presentation of the background.
8.0 pts
Needs Improvement- Background missing more than one key point and at least one set of incidence and prevalence statistics are presented, or there is no supported evidence. Unclear conclusions or presentation.
0.0 pts
Developing- Background and significance of the disease is not provided.
20.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeIdentification of Epidemiological Data
20.0 pts
Exceptional- Comprehensive review and analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and population most at risk, supported by scholarly evidence.
18.0 pts
Exceeds- Adequate review with some analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and population most at risk supported by scholarly evidence.
16.0 pts
Meets- Limited review and analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and at-risk population.
8.0 pts
Needs Improvement- Minimal analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and at-risk population.
0.0 pts
Developing- No analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and at-risk population is provided.
20.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeHealthy People 2020 Goals
20.0 pts
Exceptional- Comprehensive review of Healthy People 2020 goals for problem.
18.0 pts
Exceeds- Adequate review of Healthy People 2020 goals for problem.
16.0 pts
Meets- Limited review of Healthy People 2020 goals for problem.
8.0 pts
Needs Improvement- Minimal or unclear review of Healthy People 2020 goals for problem.
0.0 pts
Developing- Review of Healthy People 2020 goals for problem not provided.
20.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeProgram Plan
20.0 pts
Exceptional- A comprehensive plan of action specific to the problem; including the actions that will be taken to address the impact, outcomes, or prevalence of the disease.
18.0 pts
Exceeds- An adequate, but not fully comprehensive, plan of action specific to the problem; including the actions that will be taken to address the impact, outcomes, or prevalence of the disease.
16.0 pts
Meets- A limited plan of action specific to the problem; including the actions that will be taken to address the impact, outcomes, or prevalence of the disease. The actions are presented with limited or little evidence.
8.0 pts
Needs Improvement- Actions are minimal or unclear, are not supported directly by evidence or are not actions specific to the problem.
0.0 pts
Developing- Plan of action not provided.
20.0 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA Format / Writing Mechanics
10.0 pts
Exceptional- APA format, grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation are accurate, or with zero to one errors.
9.0 pts
Exceeds- Two to four errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and syntax noted.
8.0 pts
Meets- Five to seven errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and syntax noted.
4.0 pts
Needs Improvement- Eight to nine errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and syntax noted or the paper exceeds maximum of two (2) pages.
0.0 pts
Developing- Greater than ten errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation noted or repeatedly makes the same errors after faculty feedback.
10.0 pts
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